"Shelley v. Kraemer" was a significant United States Supreme Court case in Black history. The case was decided in 1948 and involved a Black family, the Shelleys, who purchased a home in St. Louis, Missouri that had a racially restrictive covenant in the property deed. The covenant stipulated that the property could not be sold to African Americans.

The Shelley family faced legal challenges and was taken to court by the Kraemers, who were the previous owners of the property and sought to enforce the racial covenant. The case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court, where it was decided that courts could not enforce racially restrictive covenants as they violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

The decision in Shelley v. Kraemer was a landmark ruling that contributed to the dismantling of racially restrictive housing practices and paved the way for greater fair housing rights for Black Americans.